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  1. Registro Civil, Death Certificate: LORENZO BLAS, Joaquina (Villar del Cobo, Teruel, Spain, 1910).
  2. DE LA FUENTE MARTÍN, Pepita, Conversación con Emilio SIGNES (Hialeah, FL, 20 Nov 2000).
  3. Registro Civil, Birth Certificate, LORENZO GOMEZ, Joaquina (Villar del Cobo, Teruel, Spain, 1874).
  4. BESTEIRO GRACCIANI (de García), Isabel, Several letters to Carmen LAGOS BESTEIRO de Signes (Havana: between 1973 and 1979).
  5. BESTERIO ASENSIO ( Esteban), Victorina as told by José Luis PRADAS ESTEBAN, Letter to Emil SIGNES, 11/97.
  6. Juzgado Municipal Distrito de la Latina, Birth Certificate, BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, Jorge (Madrid, 1889), p. 488.
  7. Répide, Pedro de. Las calles de Madrid. Madrid: Ediciones la librería, 3ª edición, 1999.
  8. GRACIANI MARTÍNEZ, César, Letter to P. Graciani Samaniego (21 Oct 1978).
  9. GRACIANI RUIZ, Ramón, Information provided to Emil SIGNES, October 1998.
  10. Parroquia San Nicolás, Copy of Baptismal Certificate for Francisco GRACIANI [PASTOR] (Alicante, 13 agosto 1832). Original: Libro 57 de BAUTISMOS, folio 215.
  11. Juzgado Municipal Distrito de la Latina, Birth Certificate, BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, Jorge.
  12. Répide, Pedro de. Las calles de Madrid. Madrid: Ediciones la librería, 3ª edición, 1999. p, 488.
  13. MATEO LLÓPIZ, Isabel, Letter to Emil SIGNES, 16 Dec 1997.
  14. Registro Civil, Birth Certificate, MATEO LORENZO, Ricardo (Villar del Cobo, Teruel, Spain 1907).
  15. MATEO LLÓPIZ, Isabel, Correspondence with Emil Signes, August 1998. Included some communion cards. (Havana).
  16. Registro Civil, Death Certificate, GRACIANI LORENZO, Joaquín (Distrito del Hospital, Madrid, Spain, 1920, Tomo 267-7, Folio 218).
  17. Registro Civil, Birth Certificate, LAGOS BESTEIRO Manuel (Valdemoro, Spain 1911. Tomo 30, Folio 82, Num. 81).
  18. Death announcement, GRACCIANI LORENZO, Joaquin (1920).
  19. Census of household at C/San Lorenzo, no 6 - pral, headed by Joaquín GRACIANI LORENZO. Data from Area de Cultura, Archivo de Villa, Ayuntamiento de Madrid. Ref. No. XXVIII-14193/MCG. Dated 13 June 2003.
  20. PELLÓN GRACIANI, Alicia, Phone conversation with Emilio Signes, 24 August 1998.
  21. Colón Cemetery, Documents in possession of Arturo VÁLDES-DENIS DELGADO, which describe, for Victorina GRACIANI, Manuel LAGOS and Isabel BESTEIRO - -Mario GARCÍA families, where family members' remains are located. (Havana). Cuartel Noroeste Cuadro 10 Campo Com. Bóved 21 . . . Milicia Josefina 8163. 10 julio 1931 Joaquín 15 julio 1931 Victorina.
  22. ARRIETA, Emilio, Director, Diploma, Escuela Nacional de Música y Declamación: Victorina Graciani Lorenzo (Madrid 1881).
  23. Diario de la Marina, Movimiento de pasajeros (Havana, 1907, 2 Abril 1907, edición de la mañana).
  24. Birth Announcement, LAGOS GRACIANI Francisco (Havana, 1908).
  25. S. S. Antonio López, Passenger list, Nov. 1914, Barcelona to New York. Manuel LAGOS TOLEDO, Victorina GRACIANI LORENZO, and Isabel BESTEIRO GRACCIANI (the latter two listed on the passenger manifests as Victorina Graciana and Isabel B. Graciana). (National Archives Records Administration).
  26. S.S. Havana, Passenger list, 15 Aug to 18 Aug 1915, Havana to New York. Victorina GRACIANI LORENZO, listed as Victoria G. Lagos. (National Archives Records Administration).
  27. S.S. Monterey, Passenger list, 20 Apr to 24 Apr 1920, Havana to New York. Mercedes LORET DE MOLA BETANCORT (listed as BESTEIRO) her children Miguel Ángel & Ricardo BESTEIRO LORET DE MOLA, and her mother-in-law Victorina GRACIANI LORENZO (listed as Victorina LAGOS).. (National Archives Records Administration).
  28. S.S. Esperanza, Passenger list, 3 April to 7 April 1924, Manuel LAGOS TOLEDO, Victorina GRACIANI LORENZO (listed as Victorina De Lagos), and Ricardo BESTEIRO LORET DE MOLA. (National Archives Records Administration).
  29. Colón Cemetery, Documents in possession of Arturo VÁLDES-DENIS DELGADO, which describe, for Victorina GRACIANI, Manuel LAGOS and Isabel BESTEIRO - -Mario GARCÍA families, where family members' remains are located.
  30. Juez Municipal Suplente del Distrito de la Latina, Birth Certificate, BESTEIRO GRACIANI, Josefa Madrid, 1884. (and 2 documents dated 12 mar 1907 and 16 Jan 1957 which refer to original 1884 birth certificate).
  31. Iglesia Parroquial de San Ginés, Baptismal Certificate, BESTEIRO FERNÁNDEZ, Ricardo (Madrid, Spain, 1854, Libro 53 Folio 201).
  32. MELENDO, Urbano (Archivist of Madrid), Letter to Richard SIGNES, 16 Dec. 1997 (C/Bailen, 8 - 28071 Madrid.).
  33. Death certificate, BESTEIRO FÉRNANDEZ, Ricardo.
  34. Registro Civil, Birth Certificate, LAGOS TOLEDO, Manuel (Periana, Málaga, Spain 1878).
  35. MUÑOZ FRIAS, Manuel, Certificate of Church Birth Records for LAGOS TOLEDO siblings alive as of 1886 (Periana, Málaga, Spain, 30 Sep 1886).
  36. Iglesia Parroquial de San Isidro, Baptismal Certificate, LAGOS TOLEDO Manuel (Periana, Málaga, Spain 1878).
  37. El Rector de la Universidad Central, Madrid, Manuel LAGOS TOLEDO: Bachillerato (high school diploma), Folio 7, No. 217, 30 Apr 1895.
  38. S.S. Manuel Calvo, Passenger list, 26 Mar - 11 April, LAGOS TOLEDO, Manuel. Listed as in transit to Havana. (National Archives Records Administration).
  39. Diario de la Marina (Havana, 21 December 1909 edicion mañana, p. 9).
  40. S.S. Mexico, Passenger List, 29 March to 2 April 1917, Havana to New York. Josefa BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, listed as "Josefa De Lagos", and her children Carmen, Victorina, and Dolores [listed as Lola] (National Archives Records Administration).
  41. Lagos Toledo, Manuel, Note saluting Emilio Godoy, signed by "Manuel Lagos, contador . . . " and others . . . This is a newspaper clipping returned to Spain by Gregorio LAGOS ESCALONA, who was visiting Cuba at the time. (Cuban Newspaper, 21.9.1918).
  42. LAGOS BESTEIRO / BALL, Dolores and LAGOS BESTEIRO / NASPINSKI, Josephine, Interview with Emil Signes, 1998.
  43. BESTEIRO LORET DE MOLA, Raquel, Interviewed by Emil SIGNES, 20 Sep 1997.
  44. Havana cemetery, Data on cover of box holding Manuel LAGOS TOLEDO's remains. Body received at cemetery 27 Jul 1960.
  45. Ibid.
  46. SIGNES [LAGOS], Emil, Your Man in Havana, a diary of trip to Havana, 1999 (Bethlehem, PA 1999).
  47. LAGOS BESTEIRO [m. Ball], Dolores, E-mail or verbal information.
  48. MATEO LLÓPIZ, Isabel, Letter to Emil Signes, 6 March 1998.
  49. S.S. Morro Castle, Passenger list, 11 to 15 August 1917, LORENZO GÖMEZ, Joaquina, listed as Joaquina Lorenzo, Havana to New York. (National Archives Records Administration).
  50. GRACIANI ENCALADA, Alicia, E-mail to Emilio SIGNES (Quito, Ecuador, 6 Feb 2000).
  51. Havana newspaper article, October 1958, on death of Domingo BESTEIRO.
  52. Unknown, Eulogy for Domingo BESTEIRO GRACCIANI. Document found at home of Miguel Ángel BESTEIRO LORET DE MOLA, Havana, April 1999. (1958).
  53. Diario de la Marina, 1 mayo 1908 edición mañana, p. 9, Advertisement for Colegio "Franco-Hispano-Americano".
  54. BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, Domingo, Notarized certification for Antonio LAGOS TOLEDO (who was presumably seeking references for a US teaching position) (Havana: 19 Nov 1921).
  55. BESTEIRO LORET DE MOLA, Raquel, Discussion with Emil SIGNES (Hialeah, FL 2000).
  56. LAGOS BESTEIRO (Signes), Carmen, Comments in (generic blank book) titled "The History of our Family".
  57. BALL [[m. Carr], Dolores (Chippie), Lagos Family Reunion Book (1992).
  58. SIGNES, Richard, Information provided, mostly in E-mail notes, to Emil SIGNES.
  59. Ayuntamiento de Madrid, Área de Cultura, Archivo de Villa, Ayuntamiento de Madrid re LAGOS TOLEDO1890-1905 (3 de abril 2002 N/referencia XXVII-8410/LR).
  60. SIGNES (Beaton), Carmen, Information provided to Emil SIGNEs.
  61. Jefe de Negociado de la Dirección de Prisiones y del Registro Central de penados y rebeldes, Permission for Josefa BESTEIRO GRACCIANI to leave Spain. (Madrid: 9 Mar 1907 and 7 May 1909).
  62. Diario de la Marina, edición mañana, p. 1 (Havana, Cuba: 3 Jun 1909).
  63. BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, Josefa, Draft of Petition for Naturalization (after 1930).
  64. S.S. Saratoga, Passenger list, 15-18 Sept 1912, Havana to New York Josefa BESTEIRO GRACIANI, listed as "Josefa Lagos", and children Carmen, Manuel and Victorina. (National Archives Records Administration).
  65. LAGOS BESTEIRO / NASPINSKI, Josephine, E-mail or verbal information provided to Emil Signes.
  66. Registro Civil, Birth Certificate, LAGOS TOLEDO, Antonio (Periana, Málaga, Spain 1880).
  67. Iglesia Parroquial de San Isidro, Baptismal Certificate, LAGOS TOLEDO Antonio (Periana, Málaga, Spain, 1880).
  68. LAGOS TOLEDO, Antonio, Letter to his first cousin Antonio TOLEDO DÍAZ in Argentina (Paterson, N.J. 24 Dec 1950).
  69. MORENO NÚÑEZ, José Ignacio. Letters to Emil SIGNES [LAGOS]: 15 August 1997, 20 Sept 1997, 22 Oct 1997, 15 Jan 1998, 28 Apr 1998, 29 Jan 1999, 10 Dec 1999, others. Interviews, Madrid, 16 May 1998, Periana (Málaga), Oct 1998.
  70. Director General de Agricultura, Industria y Comercio, Documents regarding beginning and end of the appointment of Antonio LAGOS TOLEDO as "escribiente segundo del servicio agronómico de la provincia de Zamora" (11 Jun 1900 & 30 Apr 1901).
  71. Director General del Instituto Geográfico y Estadístico, Appointment of Antonio LAGOS TOLEDO as "Amanuense del Censo de la población de la provincia de Madrid" (scribe for the census of the province of Madrid) (Madrid, 17 Nov 1903).
  72. El Cónsul de España en Havana, Registration of Antonio Lagos with Spanish Consulate in Havana (Havana: 11 jan 1907).
  73. Jefe de Negociado de la Dirección general de Prisiones y del Registro Central de penados y rebeldes, Permission for Antonio LAGOS TOLEDO to leave Spain Madrid: 19 Jun 1905 (coded: "millar quincuagésimooctavo", Número 939).
  74. LAGOS TOLEDO, Mercedes, Letter to Antonio LAGOS TOLEDO (Pinto, Spain: 4 Feg 1906).
  75. BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, Domingo, Notarized certification for Antonio LAGOS TOLEDO (who was presumably seeking references for a US teaching position). This is to certify that Mr. Antonio Lagos Toledo, has acted as professor of the Spanish language and literature as also the French language and French literature during the academic terms of the years 1905 to 1912, having demonstrated his capability and interest in the direction of same to the satisfaction of this institution, and we hereby extend this testimonial in Havana this 19th day of November 1921.
  76. Presbítero Pablo Folchs y Pascau, Baptismal Certificate, LAGOS BESTEIRO Carmen Havana: La iglesia de termino de Nuestra Señora de la Caridad (antes Guadalupe) en la Ciudad, Provincia y Diócesis de la Habana, Copied 9 aug 1915 (baptism on 19 mar 1911).
  77. Juez Municipal del Distrito del Norte y encargado del registro civil del mismo, Birth Certificate, LAGOS BESTEIRO, Carmen 1910 (Havana, 1910, folio 343 tomo 18. (2 documents, dated 4 Aug 1915 and 8 Nov 1950, refer to original document.).
  78. LAGOS TOLEDO, Antonio & BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, Josefa, Letter to Antonio's uncle Adolfo LAGOS MUÑOZ (Havana, Cuba: December 1910.).
  79. S.S. Havana, Passenger List, 10-13 July 1912, Havana to New York, Antonio LAGOS TOLEDO (National Archives Records Administration).
  80. LAGOS BESTEIRO (Signes), Carmen, Carmen Lagos Signes Reminiscences for Lagos Family Reunion Yearbook (notes provided to Dolores Carr nee Ball in 1992.
  81. Consulado General de España, LAGOS TOLEDO, Antonio. Certificate of Residency (New York: 1916).
  82. US Census, 1920. NY: New York, Manhattan, Enumeration District 1046. Roll T625_1212 Page 5-A. Image 0421 [NARA Series T625 Roll 1212 Book 1, page 210a Image 419]. Census taken 9 January 1920. Included are Head of Household Anthony LAGOS, his wife Josephine B, Carmen, Emanuel [sic], Victoria, Lolita and Charles. (Note on genealogy.com this is indexed under Anthony Lagor.).
  83. Wilson, John R., Superintendent of Public Instruction, Letter to Antonio LAGOS re his teaching history (Paterson, NJ: 16 Nov 1922).
  84. Columbia University, Antonio LAGOS, MA diploma from Columbia (New York City. 1921).
  85. US Census. 1930. New Jersey, Passaic County, Paterson City, 11th Ward, Block 1231. Enumeration District 16-16? Sheet No. 8-B? Census taken April 4, 1930. Includes Head of Household Anthony LAGOS, his wife Josephine, and children Carmen, Manuel, Victoria, Dolores, Charles and Josephine.
  86. United States of America, Antonio LAGOS' Certificate of Naturalization (No. 2109401). Volume 52 No. 12790 (Paterson, NJ: 18 jun 1925).
  87. SIGNES, Emil, Diary of trip to Canada to visit his grandfather (Paterson, NJ, August 1952).
  88. BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, Josefa, Letter to Isabel BESTEIRO ASENSIO (Paterson, NJ: 12 Jan 1953).
  89. Mass card, BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, Emilio (Date unknown (because of its reference to the "horda roja", probably after March 1939.).
  90. Registro Civil de Villaverde de Madrid, Death Certificate, BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, Emilio Madrid: Tomo 16, Folio 139 (1936).
  91. BESTEIRO ASENSIO, Victorina, Interview with Emil SIGNES, 30-31 May 2000 (Puerto de Sagunto (Valencia), Spain).
  92. AGUILAR BESTEIRO, Ernestina, Letter to Emil Signes, 29 Oct 97.
  93. BESTEIRO MARTÍNEZ Violeta, Conversation with Emilio SIGNES, Nov 1999.
  94. Unknown, List of Madrid Birth Certificates (includes Isabel and Josefa BESTEIRO GRACCIANI). Bk. 88, Folio 359, No. 73.
  95. Documents re the BESTEIRO and GARCÍA families in possession of Arturo DELGADO VÁLDES-DENIS, 50 Calle 12, la Habana.
  96. Baptismal Announcement, BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, Isabel (Madrid, Spain: 4 Jun 1896).
  97. First Communion Card - BESTEIRO GRACCIANI, Isabel (Havana, Cuba 1910).
  98. VALDES-DÉNIS, Diana, Letter to Emil SIGNES, 31 Oct 1997.
  99. Meeting with members of Ecuadorian Graciani and Rivera families, 23 May 2000. (SIGNES, Emil).
  100. BESTEIRO BLANCO, Mercedes, Family tree given to Emilio Signes, April 1999.
  101. SUÁREZ BESTEIRO, Rodolfo, E-mails to Emil Signes, 1997.
  102. Baptismal Announcement, LAGOS BESTEIRO, Carmen (Havana, Cuba: 1911).
  103. SIGNES LAGOS, Emilio, ed., Viaje de Ensueño - Viaje de Pesadilla (1998).
  104. New Jersey State Archives. Marriage Certificates Film 555 (1934: RUM-STE (by groom)).
  105. SIGNES, Emil, Reminiscences.
  106. Iglesia San Miguel, Baptismal Certificate, SIGNES MONFORT, Emilio (Gata de Gorgos, Alicante, Spain, 1903).
  107. Passaic County Community College Foundation, Program, Testimonial honoring Manuel F. Lagos (Paterson, NJ: September 27, 1980).
  108. US Census, 1930. NJ, Essex County, City of Newark. Ward 5, Enumeration District 7-61. Reel T 626-1334, Sheet 6-B. Census taken 7 April 1930. Emilio's first name looks like "Amilea" and his last name is very difficult to read as well.
  109. SIGNES MONFORT, Emilio, Letter to his father dated 29 April 1930 and postmarked 2 June. (Newark, NJ: 1930).
  110. Vice Consul of Spain to NYC, Letter to Manuel Lagos, 10 Sept 1925, affirming that he still owed a military obligation to Spain. (NYC: Spanish Consulate, 10 Sep 1925).
  111. MULROONEY, R. James, Genealogical research; information mailed to Emil Signes 1998.
  112. Paterson Evening News, Articles from 1936 and 1937 in possession of Anthony LAGOS (1/2000).
  113. Paterson Evening News, Announcement of death of Richard LAGOS, son of Manuel LAGOS and Eileen QUIGLEY (Paterson, NJ: 1937).
  114. Presbítero Juan J. Lobato y Farrugia, Baptismal Certificate, LAGOS BESTEIRO, Victorina (Havana: Iglesia Parroquial de término de Nuestra Señora de Monserrate de la Ciudad de la Habana, Provincia y Archidiocesis de la Habana (Cuba): 1912).
  115. Registro Civil, Birth Certificate, LAGOS BESTEIRO Victorina 1912 (Havana, Cuba: Juez Municipal del Distrito del Norte y Encargado del Registro Civil del Mismo, 1912).
  116. GOETZ, Raymond, Letter to Emil Signes 10 April 1997.
  117. Juez Municipal de Distrito del Norte y encargado del Registro Civil del mismo, Birth Certificate, LAGOS BESTEIRO, Dolores (La Habana, Cuba).
  118. Baptismal Announcement, LAGOS BESTEIRO, Dolores (1917).
  119. BALL (Carr), Dolores, Eulogy to Pie Ball (Totowa Borough, September 1999).
  120. LAGOS BESTEIRO [m. Ball], Dolores, Letter to Emil Signes, 5/1997.
  121. LAGOS BESTEIRO, Carlos 1997, Discussion with Emil Signes, Nov 1997.
  122. LANCHA MARTÍ, José Manuel, Letter to Emil Signes, 12 May 1998.
  123. MARTÍ VIDAL [Vda de Lancha], Purificación, Letter to Emil Signes 10/10/1997.
  124. RÁFALES LARA, Josefina, Conversation with Emilio Signes (Zaragoza, 1999).
  125. BESTEIRO DE LA FUENTE, Yolanda 2000, Letter to Emil SIGNES (Madrid: 15 Jan 2000).
  126. BESTEIRO, Varios, Discussions with Besteiro family of Ajalvir (Ajalvir, Madrid, Spain 12 Oct 2001).
  127. BESTEIRO REQUES, Julián, Letter to Emilio Signes, 1999.
  128. POCOVÍ JUAN, Andres, E-mails to Emilio Signes, 19 oct 1999, 30 nov 1999.
  129. SUÁREZ MATEO, José Antonio, Email to Emilio SIGNES, 6 Jun 2001.
  130. GARCÍA BESTEIRO, José, Letter to Emilio Signes, 26.11.1998.
  131. GRACIANI BUENO, María Elena, Email to Emil Signes, 25 Feb 2004.
  132. BESTEIRO PÉREZ, Ricardo 2000, Discussion with Emil SIGNES (Hialeah, FL, 16 Nov 2000).
  133. de la Vega, Marco, Fax to Rodolfo Suárez, E-mail to E. Signes (Caracas).
  134. BEATON, Jim, BEATON, Patty and CORCORAN [BEATON] Dot, Conversations, 1998.
  135. LAGOS, Anthony K, Discussion with Emil Signes, January 2000.
  136. BEASLEY [m. Lagos], Sarah, Conversation w. Emil Signes, August 1997.
  137. Ubben, Matt and family members, Interview with Matt Ubben and family.
  138. MARTÍ VIDAL, Purificación, Letter to Signes families 15 Jan 197x.
  139. CLAVERO MORENO, Mª Teresa, Conversations with Emil Signes, Nov 1999 and Oct 2001.
  140. DE LA VEGA QUESADA, Karla 2000, Interview with Emil SIGNES (Hialeah, FL, 19 Nov 2000).
  141. HESTLE, Robert Burns, GEDCOM file received 22 Dec 1999 and imported on 8 Apr 2000.
  142. PUERTA de Madrid, Artículo en el periodico (Alcalá de Henares, 18 Nov 2000).